About the war, now we have a clear view of the whole events:
1. The Ba'ath party is an Arab nationalist and "socialist" party. Both ideas, arab nationalism and arab "socialism" are progressive ideas. They are historically opposed to islamism, especially on the question of the separation of religion and politics. Salah Jadid's left wing was crushed, and there remained the right wing, but none of these ideas are dead. There remain many progressive policies such as state subsidies on consumption goods. Therefore, the Syrian governement is still an obstacle to western markets.
2. In the 2000's, the Ba'ath implemented many negative economic reforms, thus the socialist tendancy of the Ba'ath suffered a fallback. The Ba'ath concentrated most of its economic attention to the towns, and lose much of the support they had in the countryside. As a consequence, salafism developed rapidly in the sunni countryside.
3. The economic crisis, and the so-called "arab spring", caused the revolt of the countryside and urban peripheries (Homs and Deraa at first). The democratic left and democratic "national" opposition, mostly concentrated in Damascus, didn't had enough strenght to seriously threaten the rule of the Ba'ath as it was done in Tunisia. Thus the Salafi became the main force of the movement.
4. The first demonstrations were probably legitimate and peaceful. The government didn't repressed as much as Hafez did a few decades ago. But some "agents provocateurs" opened fire both on the protesters and government forces. Some disarmed policemen died. Then the revolt spred and imperialist propaganda blamed the Syrian government.
5. Some groups of armed men took control of the movement, at first saying that they were trying to defend the protesters against the "regime". Many of them were criminals who had nothing to lose anymore. The government was slow in implementing reforms, accelerating the shift towards civil war.
6. The rebellion obtained support from the Gulf monarchies and western countries (controlling the "foreign" opposition), France, Turkey, and the USA in particular. Nato countries established a base in Istanbul and created the FSA, trying to champion the less reactionary elements. But most of the money came from the very rich Saudi Arabia and Qatar and went directly to their islamist friends. There was no other solution since the islamists were the only organized force on the ground. It was the beginning of the end for French-backed Manar Tlass and his friends. The militarization also meant the end of the progressive forces in Syria.
7. In a few months, the government lost control of many regions, Homs, Idlib, Aleppo, and since it was forced to send troops to the frontline, the PYD (kurdish progressive party) took control peacefully of the kurdish regions in the north, thus covering a part of the border with Turkey.
The rebellion became more and more reactionary and undemocratic. The al-Nusra front declared its affiliation with al-Qaeda. The so-called "rebellion" became clearly an attempt of the salafists to overthrow a secular regime in the name of fanatism and capitalism. Fighters came from Tunisia, Chechnya, Libya, Egypt, and many other countries such as Belgium. They took control of rebel-held areas because of their better equipment and organization. Western propagand accentuated the religious aspect of the war, repeating continuously that this war opposed Sunni islam to Shiaa, and saying that the Syrian government represented the "minorities" against the Sunni "majority". Yet the majority of the population continued to back Assad.
http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree ... propaganda8. Russia, threatened by NATO's intervention and willing to defend its sole ally in the region sent weapons to Syria, including, a few days ago, the very efficient s-300 missiles. The USA sent troops on the Jordanian border to train the rebels. At the same moment, negociations started between imperialist countries, including Russia, to share the cake. The Syrian state might be willing to lift the subsidies on consumption goods and open the country to western and Gulf investments. Foreign companies are massed in Lebanon to have their share in the future reconstruction of the devasted country.
10. Terror and the amount of war crimes committed by the jihadists have clearly separated the population from the rebellion, who is said to have support from only 10% of the Syrian population. The important quantity of amateur videos on the internet, horrible war crimes such as the execution of a 15 yo teenager, a scene of cannibalism, the many beheadings and slaughtering of christian villages makes NATO's war more and more unpopular in the eyes of western populations. At the same time, a strong protest movement has started in Turkey, undermining Erdogan's intervention in Syria.
9. The powerfull Lebanese party, Hezbollah, also threatened by the aggression of many Syrian Lebanese villages on the border, and the aggression of its Syrian ally, sent a few men to help. Iran is said to have done the same. With the help of Hezbollah, the government took control of al Qusayr and started operation Northern Storm to free Aleppo. Imperialist countries answered with more propaganda about the use of sarin gas (although it'scertain that the rebels are is possession of such gases) and the delivery of more weapons.
10. The overthrow of Mursi in Egypt is a clear blow to the rebellion in Syria.
http://www.irishtimes.com/news/world/af ... -1.1450612